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Buffalo Soldiers
in New Mexico

from 1875 to 1883


Page Last Updated:
Friday, 15-Mar-2024 13:34:50 MST
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Winter/Spring 1875/1876

Ninth Cavalry moves to the District of New Mexico, except for Company K which is still in Texas.

Authorized Strength: 12 Companies w/ 845 men

The Buffalo Soldiers P. 176

April 18, 1876

Captain Carroll & 25 Compy F Vets kill 1 warrior and capture 11 horses

The Buffalo Soldiers P. 177xx

April, 1876

Indian weapons consist of Springfield Carbines and Smith & Wesson Pistols

The Buffalo Soldiers P. 177

January, 1877

Lt. Henry H. Wright, 6 men from Company C and Navaho Scouts depart from Ft Bayard. Cpl. Clifton Graves received Medal of Honor, Commendations go to Pvt.'s Richard Epps, Dick Mackadoo, John Adams and Scout Jose Chaves

The Buffalo Soldiers P. 178

January, 1877

Capt. Beyer and Compy C, Capt. Cooney and detachment of Compy A returned to Ft. Bayard. Compy's D & L in Ute Country Colorado

The Buffalo Soldiers P. 179

March, 1877

Major James Wade w/ Compy's A, B & C from Ft. Bayard to Ojo Caliente on Police Action

The Buffalo Soldiers P. 180

Summer 1877

Capt. George A. Purington & Compy H at Ft. Stanton
Capt. Hooker & Compy E
Compy G far to North
Capt. Beyer & Compy C at Mesilla for R and R

The Buffalo Soldiers P. 180

Lt. Col. Wesley Merrit promoted to Colonel and transferred to 5th Cavalry. Replaced by Lt. Col. N. A. M. Dudley (Drinker) from 3rd Cavalry. Lt. Col. Dudley placed in command of Ft. Union.

The Buffalo Soldiers P. 181

Capt. A. S. Kimball is Post Quartermaster of Ft. Union
Reverend George Simpson is Post Chaplain of Ft. Union
Doctor Carvallo is Post Surgeon of Ft. Union

The Buffalo Soldiers P. 181 & 182

August 30, 1877

Lt. Col. Dudley arrested by Col. Hatch and Relieved of duty

The Buffalo Soldiers P. 182

September, 1877

Lt. Col. Dudley found by US Army Acting Surgeon J. T. Martin to be very nervous

The Buffalo Soldiers P. 183

September 2, 1877

Victorio and 300 flee the San Carlos Reservation

The Buffalo Soldiers P. 183

October, 1877

Victorio and 200 surrender at Ft. Wingate. Later 70 more surrender

The Buffalo Soldiers P. 184

Col. P. T. Swain is in Command of Ft. Wingate

The Buffalo Soldiers P. 185

October, 1877

Capt. Bennett & Capt. Moore w/ Compy's I & L (Ft. Wingate?)

The Buffalo Soldiers P. 185

October, 1877

Victorio & 80 are out again

The Buffalo Soldiers P. 185

October 21, 1877

Lt. Rucker and 20 of 9th to El Paso

The Buffalo Soldiers P. 187

Capt. Thomas Blair w/ 15th Inf Ft. Bliss, Texas

The Buffalo Soldiers P. 188

November, 1877

Lt. Col. Dudley found guilty of several charges and suspended of Rank and Pay for 3 months
Lt. Col. Dudley is returned to duty by President Hayes
Lt. Col. Dudley is transferred to command of Ft. Stanton
John C. Dent is Post Sutler of Ft. Union

The Buffalo Soldiers P. 183

December 15, 1877

Col. Hatch and 9 Compy's of the 9th Cavalry march to El Paso to quell a riot. All except Compy's E, I and K who stay in New Mexico

The Buffalo Soldiers P. 189

December 19, 1877

Troops arrive in El Paso

The Buffalo Soldiers P. 189

Proceed to San Elizario, Hatch, 54 troops and 2 Howitzers

The Buffalo Soldiers P. 190

January, 1878

Hatch back to New Mexico (Santa Fe/District Headquarters)

The Buffalo Soldiers P. 190

January, 1878

Dudley at Ft. Stanton, Commanding

The Buffalo Soldiers P. 191

February, 1878

Victorio and few surrender to Capt. Hooker at Oro Caliente

The Buffalo Soldiers P. 185

February, 1878?

Victorio flees again

The Buffalo Soldiers P. 185

February, 1878

Capt. Purington and 25 of Compy F to Lincoln NM from Ft. Stanton

The Buffalo Soldiers P. 195

March, 1878

Lt. Valios and Compy D against Utes
Major Morrow w/ D, G, I, K & M. Add Hatch and Capt. A. S. Kimball

The Buffalo Soldiers P. 205

April 1, 1878

Capt. Purington, Lt. G. W. Smith and Compy H

The Buffalo Soldiers P. 197

May?

Lt. Smith and 20 of Compy H as posse

The Buffalo Soldiers P. 197

May 30, 1878

Compy H to Roswell NM
Compy F w/Capt. Carroll to Lincoln

The Buffalo Soldiers P. 198

June, 1878

Capt. Carroll, Lt. G. W. Smith, 52 men of Compy's F & H and 19 Navaho Scouts under Lt. Wright leave Ft. Stanton. With 40 days rations and 150 rounds per man

The Buffalo Soldiers P. 191

Meet up with Capt. Norvell w/ Compy M, 10th Cavalry of Ft. Davis

The Buffalo Soldiers P. 191

June, 1878

Victorio and Band at Mescolero Agency
During this campaign, no 9th Cavalrymen fell to Indian Bullets
But during this campaign Cpl. James Better of Compy C is killed in a carbine accident
Capt. Bayer of Compy C complains of the way Cpl. Better is buried at Ft. Bayard

The Buffalo Soldiers P. 185

Major Wade

The Buffalo Soldiers P. 186

June 18, 1878

Lt. M. F. Goodwin and 27 from Ft Stanton to Lincoln

The Buffalo Soldiers P. 199

June 25, 1878

Capt. Carroll, Lt. Goodwin and 35 to Lincoln Area

The Buffalo Soldiers P. 199

July 15, 1878

Pvt. Berry Robinson, of Compy F, is sent as courier from Lincoln to Ft Stanton

The Buffalo Soldiers P. 200

July 18, 1878

Compy's F & H, Howitzer, Gattling Gun sent to Lincoln by Dudley, w/ Dudley

The Buffalo Soldiers P. 201

August, 1878

Dog Canon Battle w/ Apaches, then back to Ft. Stanton

The Buffalo Soldiers P. 191

9th at Ft's Bayard, Wingate, Stanton & Bliss
Capt. Bayer at Ft. Bayard

The Buffalo Soldiers P. 192

August, 1878

Regimental Band mounted as cavalry
Major Morrow mentioned
Lincoln County Wars

The Buffalo Soldiers P. 192

February 18, 1879

Capt. Carroll and 20 of Compy F to Bartlett Ranch

The Buffalo Soldiers P. 202 & 203

February 18, 1879

Lt. Dawson & detachment of Compy's F, H & M

The Buffalo Soldiers P. 202 & 203

March 13, 1879

Dudley removed from command over Lincoln County Affair
Capt. Carroll replaces Dudley as Commander of Ft. Stanton

The Buffalo Soldiers P. 204

July 20, 1879

Dudley goes to Trial

The Buffalo Soldiers P. 205

August, 1879

Victorio, his Warm Spring Apaches and some Mescaleros flee Ft. Stanton Reservation

The Buffalo Soldiers P. 210

September, 1879

Victorio? & 60 warriors attack Capt. Hooker and Compy E at Oro Caliente. 8 dead/wounded - 46 mounts stolen

The Buffalo Soldiers P. 210 & 211

within days

Every Compy is put into the field by Hatch

The Buffalo Soldiers P. 211

September 16, 1879

Victorio's trail found by Scouts of Lt. Col. Dudley's column, consisting of Capt. Dawson w/ Compy B and Hookers Compy E

The Buffalo Soldiers P. 211

2 days of march

Victorio's camp is at Canons of Las Animas River. Strongly entrenched.
Troops nearly trapped by withering fire
Reinforced by Capt. Beyer & Lt. Hugo w/ Compy's C & G, who were near by and heard the shots
All four Compy's could not dislodge the Apaches
Dudley orders a withdrawal at nightfall. 5 troopers, 3 scouts and 32 horses dead.
Major Morrow takes command of operations in Southern New Mexico

The Buffalo Soldiers P. 211

September 21, 1879

Maj. T. T. Thornburgh w/ 4th Infantry left Ft. Frederick Steele Wyoming w/ 3 Compy's of Cavalry, 1 of Infantry and 25 Wagons
Capt. Dodge and Compy D of 9th Cavalry camped at Grand River

The Buffalo Soldiers P. 207

September 29, 1879

Milk River w/ Thornburgh group against Utes

The Buffalo Soldiers P. 207 & 208

October 2, 1879

Capt. Dodge, Lt. M. B. Hughes and 35 of 9th reach Yampa River
Dodge & Group continues on to Mild River w/out Pack Train. (only 1 pack mule taken along).

The Buffalo Soldiers P. 208

October 3, 1879

Dodge & Group arrive at Milk River
Sgt Henty Johnson makes rounds of trenches

The Buffalo Soldiers P. 208

5th day of battle

Sgt Henry Johnson goes to get much needed water, for these actions, he receives the Medal of Honor

The Buffalo Soldiers P. 208

October 5, 1879

Col. Wesley Merritt form Ft. D. A. Russel w/ 5 Compy's of 5th Cavalry arrive at Milk River. They find 14 dead, 45 wounded and only a handful of horses and mules alive when they arrive. But Utes retreat.

The Buffalo Soldiers P. 209

Capt. Dodge and Compy D march South

The Buffalo Soldiers P. 209

VICTORIO WARS START

The Buffalo Soldiers P. 210

November 30, 1879

Dudley cleared - soon placed in command of Ft. Cummings

The Buffalo Soldiers P. 205

March , 1883

Capt. George A. Purington promoted to Major and transferred to 3rd Cavalry

The Buffalo Soldiers P. 180

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A short history of Blacks in the service of the United States Army,
including the Buffalo Soldiers.

Information about Buffalo Soldiers, Cavalry and Dragoons (pictures)

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Uniforms of the Buffalo Soldiers

     The Buffalo Soldiers wore the same uniforms as the rest of the U.S. Army of the same time period. The only difference was due to delivery times. New uniforms and equipment were delivered in the order of the regiment (IE: 1st Cavalry received the first shipments, then the 2nd, etc.) That meant that the 9th & 10th Cavalry received their uniforms and equipment after the other 8 regiments of Cavalry received theirs and the same with the 24th and 25th Infantry. This meant that it was usually about 4 years after an new uniform regulation came out before the 9th Cavalry, 10th Cavalry, 24th Infantry and 25th Infantry Regiments received their new equipment.

  For early Indian Wars Buffalo Soldier uniforms (until 1876 or so), see Civil War uniforms.

  For most of the Indian Wars Buffalo Soldier uniforms (1876 on), see Indian War uniforms.

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